Changes

The passes are:

:The pre-processor - handles macros and conditional compilation

:The syntax and semantic analysis pass. This writes intermediate code for the code generator to read.

:The code generator - produces assembler code.

:The code improver - may optionally be omitted, reducing compilation time at a cost of larger, slower code produced.

:The assembler - in fact a general purpose macro assembler.

:The link editor - links object files with libraries.

:This utility converts the output of LINK into the appropriate executable file format (e.g. .EXE or .PRG or .HEX).

:The passes are invoked in the order given. Each pass reads a file and writes a file for its successor to read. Each intermediate file has a particular format; CPP produces C code without the macro definitions and with uses of macros expanded; P1 writes a file containing a program in an intermediate code; CGEN translates this to assembly code; AS produces object code, a binary format containing code bytes along with relocation and symbol information. LINK accepts object files and libraries of object files and writes another object file; this may be in absolute form or it may preserve relocation information and be input to another LINK command.

:Creates and maintains libraries of object modules

:Produces cross-reference listings of C or assembler programs.